Wizard of Oz Fact #97: Jack Pumpkinhead Was a Simple Scarecrow Experiment
In ‘The Marvelous Land of Oz,’ Jack Pumpkinhead is brought to life accidentally when Tip sprinkles him with the Powder of Life. Baum intended Jack as a humorous counterpart to the Scarecrow, and his fragile pumpkin head had to be replaced frequently in illustrations and stage adaptations.
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Source: The Marvelous Land of Oz (1904)